The circle is one of the most elementary symbols and, precisely because of its simplicity, one of the most complex and plural. As the basis of many other symbols, it requires a good understanding; otherwise, a large part of the existing symbolism cannot be correctly interpreted. In antiquity Hermes told us that the circle has its center everywhere and its circumference nowhere, indicating the omnipresence of the Creator. In Greece they represented this circle as a serpent devouring its tail. The Pythagorean school left us in geometry its most famous theorem. Likewise, in symbolism it left us a symbol known as the Tetraktys. A circle that, as a figure, has neither beginning nor end, symbol of the whole with a central point that indicates the first manifestation of the creation of the physical world, from which all subsequent points emanate, thus defining the interrelation of spirit and matter. In schematic form, it is represented as a circle with a dot in the middle, inside which is inscribed a square. It symbolizes the matter from which the physical world is composed, represented by each part of the square: air, water, fire, and earth. Within this quadrature, a cross represents the human being subject to the physical part by the four elements mentioned, so that at its center we have the first point of the manifestation of the incarnation of the Word. The temples, in their most symbolic form, are the result of a quadrature on the cardinal axes that form the cross, all crowned by a circle represented by the dome or circular cupola with a central point that is the lucerne (firefly). The cabalists often represent it inversely, the circle inscribed within a square, wanting to symbolize the hidden divinity in matter, which animates and gives it life. The Babylonians divided the circle into 360 parts or degrees, grouping them into six sixty-part segments, which corresponds to the sexagesimal system still used today.
THE CIRCLE
RVM